Comparison of EFG and Standard Elements for Thermal-mechanical Metal-forming Simulations

LS-DYNA 970.5424 simulations of metal-forming with thermal effects due to plastic heating are presented. Standard and element free Galerkin (EFG) elements are used. The results are compared to implicit solutions where possible. The EFG simulation demands higher computation time and shows a slightly softer behaviour. The EFG method does not introduce non-physical energy in the system to control hourglass modes and shows the potential for more accurate calculations in the future.