Untersuchungen zur Modellierung von Strukturen aus FKV unter Crashbelastung mit Hilfe von Mehrschalenmodellierungen

The numerical simulation of the crash front in composite structures is up to now still difficult. To improve the numerical results a so called ‘stacked shell’ model for laminated composites which is typically used for impact modelling was also used to simulate tube ‘segment’ specimens and generic components under crushing loads. Static and dynamic experimental investigations (tension and compression coupon tests) were performed to measure the elastic and failure properties of the basic ply materials in the laminates. Material model parameters for stacked shell representations were derived from numerical studies on tube segment crushing tests. These parameters were appropriate to model the energy absorption and average crushing force of different laminate set-ups. In a next step the parameters were used for pretest simulations of generic composite components under a variety of crash (crushing) and impact (dynamic bending) loading conditions. The pre-test results were later compared to the real dynamic test results. In this paper the experimental and numerical results of the investigations on the generic components with one specific CFRP laminate are presented. In general, the stacked shell models led to good results but the quality depends on the mesh size and other mesh parameters. The use of a single set of material model parameters for crash and impact load cases led to a good representation of the initial peak load (first failure) but the subsequent damage propagation up to complete failure is significantly delayed.